Each tooth has an internal chamber that begins just under the biting surface and extends down to the ends of each root. This chamber houses the 'pulp' which is comprised of blood and nerve tissue which allow the tooth to sense the temperature of food and beverage.

When a tooth is cracked or has a deep cavity, bacteria can enter the pulp chamber and cause an infection inside the tooth. If left untreated, an abscess may form. If the infected issue is not removed, pain and swelling can result.

Endodontic therapy, or a 'root canal' , is a procedure that removes the infected pulp tissue, cleans and disinfects the chamber and seals it up with an inert material.